Effective Factors on the Participation of Mazandaran Province Rural Women in Rice Cultivation

Fealy Nahavand, Saeid; Ahmadpour, Amir

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ PhD of Agricultural Extension and Education, Tarbiat Modares University,Tehran, Iran

² Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify factors which affect rural women's participation in rice cultivation (RWPRC) in Mazandaran Province, Iran. The population of this research consisted of all rural women in Mazandaran Province, Iran. By using a multi-stage random sampling, 300 rural women were selected as statistical sample. The research instrument was a structured questionnaire including some close-ended questions whose validity and reliability were confirmed by a panel of expert and through a Cranach’s alpha test (α= 0.86), respectively. The descriptive results indicated that RWPRC was close to a moderate level. Furthermore, it was shown that the main reasons for rural women's participating in rice cultivation were helping family economy, obtaining extra income, and gaining production surplus, in the order of importance. In addition, these results illustrated the highest RWPRCs were in selecting seed, transplanting and Preparing pre-germinated seedling storage, respectively. Moreover, the findings showed significant relationships between RWPRC and some of its individual and professional characteristics. Finally, the results of the multivariate regression analysis revealed that 42.9 % of variability in RWPRC stems from household income, family size, and land size under rice cultivation. Finally, it is recommended for extension organizations to give attention to the role of gender in agriculture for better extension planning.

Graphical Abstract

Highlights

The main reasons for rural women's participating in rice cultivation were helping family economy, obtaining extra income, and gaining production surplus,

The highest rural women's participating in rice cultivation were in selecting seed, transplanting and Preparing pre-germinated seedling storage, respectively.

Household income, family size, and land size affects the participation of rural women in rice cultivation

Keywords

Main Subjects

Farm Management

References

Ahmed, N., & Hussain, A. (2004). Women’s role in Forestry: Pakistan Agriculture. Agricultural Foundation of Pakistan, Islamabad. PP, 79-81.

Boozar-Jomhoori, Kh., Shayan, H., & Sadeghi, F. (2010). Determining the participation of rural women in agricultural activities, case study :(Banajoye Sharghi and Shomali villages of district Bonab Azarbayjan Sharghi). Journal of Arid Regions Geographic Studies, 1 (1), 69- 86 (in Persian).

Chayal, K., Dhaka, L. B., & Suwalka, L. R. (2010). Analysis of role performed by women in agriculture. Humanity and Social Sciences Journal, 5 (1), 68- 72.

Chizari, M., Lindner, R. J., & Bashardoost, R. (1997). Participation of rural women in rice production activities and extension education programs in the Gilan province, Iran. Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education, 4 (3), 19-26.

Damisa, A. M., & Yohanna, M. (2007). Role of rural women in farm management decision making process: Ordered probit analysis. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 3 (4), 543-546.

FAO. (1995). Women, agriculture and rural development in the Near East, A Synthesis Report of Near East Region, Beijing, China.

FAO. (2011). the vital role of women in agriculture and rural development. Thirty-seventh Session, Rome, 25 June - 2 July 2011. Available on: www.fao.org/docrep/meeting/022/mb054e.pdf

Habibi, M., & Zandieh, M. (2011). Rural women participation and Employment in Iran. Journal of American Science, 7 (6), 337- 341.

Ghanbari, Y., Hajarian, A., Ansari, R., & Kiyani, F. (2012). Barriers and effective factors in the rural women participation in agriculture (A case study: Fereydoon-shahr township). Rural Planning and Research, 1 (2), 71-87.

Gill, J. K., Dhillon, M. K., & Sidhu, M. K. (2007). Women in agriculture: Impact of their participation on the home environment. International Journal of Rural Studies, 14 (1), 1-7.

Luqman, M. Malik, H. N., & Khan, S. A. (2006). Extent of rural women’s participation in agricultural and household activities. Journal of Agriculture & Social Sciences, 2 (1), 5-9.

Mir-Torabi, S. M., Hejazi, Y., & Hossauni, S. M. (2012). The impact of family and individual characteristics of rural women on the motivation of them to participate in agricultural activities. Journal of Women's Studies Sociological and Psychological, 10 (1), 149-167 (In Persian).

Mossie, M., & Yousuf, J. (2015). Analysis of factors influencing rural women participation in performing household farm management practices: the case of Enebsie Sar Midir district, Amhara region, Ethiopia. Agricultural Science Research Journal, 5 (2), 36-41.

Narmatha, N., Uma,V., Arun, L., & Geetha, R. (2009). Level of participation of women in livestock farming activities. Tamilnadu Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 5 (1), 4-8.

Shaban-Ali Fami, H. (2006). Relationship between different characteristics of rural women with their participation in mixed farming activities. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 8, 07-117.

Sha'ban-Ali Fami, H. (2009). Agricultural Extension and Education, the 5^thedition. Tehran: Payame Noor University Press (in Persian).

Singh, S., Kushwah, S., Singh, B. V., & Daipuria, P. O. (2015). Factor affecting the participation of rural women in agricultural activities. Indian Research Journal of Extension Education, 15 (1), 81-83.

Suman, M. (2008). Participation of rural women under household and farm activities. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 42 (1), 37- 41.

The World Bank. (2009). Agriculture sourcebook. Washington, DC.

Tologbonse, E. B., Jibrin M. M., Auta, S. J., & Damisa, M. A. (2013). Factors influencing women participation in Women in Agriculture (WIA) Program of Kaduna state, Agricultural Development Project, Nigeria. International Journal of Agricultural Economics and Extension, 1 (7), 47-54.

United Nations Population Fund (2010). Achieving Gender Equality, Women's Empowerment and. Strengthening Development Cooperation. United Nations. New York, 2010. Department of Economic. Available on: http://www.un.org/en/ecosoc/docs/pdfs/10-50143_(e)_(desa)dialogues_ecosoc_achieving_gender_equality_women_empowerment.pdf

Vanclay, F. (2004). Social principles for agricultural extension to assist in the promotion of natural resource management. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 44, 213-222.

Zamani, Gh., Karami, A., & YazdanPanah, M. (2009). Effective factors on satisfaction of agricultural insurers of crops insurance. Iranian Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 4 (2), 53-66 (in Persian).

International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development

Effective Factors on the Participation of Mazandaran Province Rural Women in Rice Cultivation

References

References

Volume 7, Issue 3
Summer 2017
Pages 275-282

Effective Factors on the Participation of Mazandaran Province Rural Women in Rice Cultivation

References

References

Volume 7, Issue 3Summer 2017Pages 275-282

Volume 7, Issue 3
Summer 2017
Pages 275-282